Internal-combustion engine with variable piston-strokes.



I. ZEITLIN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH VARIABLE PISTON STROKES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 12. I914;

1,177,913. I I PatenIIed Apr. 4,1916.

' 4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

'f'r/z/ (fl f Q WaA 6 Zea dimly I m %,4) I A 7' T V J. ZEITLIN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH VARIABLE PISTON STROKES.

- APPLICATION FILED JUNEiZ. 1914.

1 1 '77, 9 l 3 Patented Apr. 4, 191B.

4 SHEETSSH'EET 2.

J. ZElTLlN. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH VARIABLE PISTON STROKES.

APPLICATION men IUNE 12. 1914. 1,177 913'. Patented Apr. 4, 1916. 4 suzsrs-susn a.

J. ZEITLIN.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGlNE WITH VARIABLE PiSTON STROKES.

APPLlCATlONjHl-ID JUNE 12. 1914.

4 SHEETSSHEET 4.

1,177,913. Patented Apr. 4,1916.

ATT'Y.

UNITED STATES OFFICE- INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH VARIABLE PISTON-STROKES'.

vy 7 913 Specification of Letters Patent. 7 Patented Apr, 4, 191

I Application filed June 12, 1914. Serial No. 844,695;

To all whom it may concern: with the half speed gear wheel mounted on Be itknown that I, Josnrn ZnrrmN, subthe crank pin, the bush'running on the pm.

ject of the Czar of Russia, residing at 115 The gear wheel engages directly with a Bishops Mansions, Fulham, in. the county pinion which is conveniently fixed to one so of London, England, have invented new and side of the crank case or is driven from it useful Improvements in Internal-Combusthrough an intermediate wheel, or by means tion Engines with Variable Piston-Strokes, of a chain drive. In the first case the cenof which the following is a specification. ters of the connecting rod ends move in the This invention relates to internal combusopposite direction to that of the engine cyl- 5 tion engines of the 'rotating'cylinder type, inders,-and in the last two cases in the samein which there is imparted, in addition to direction but with a corresponding modifithe usual movements of each piston and-cylcation in the curve of the path of the pistons inderj an additional relative movement beor connecting rod centers.

t tween each piston and its cylinder of such a Instead of using separate ball bearings 70 character as to result. in a differential pisthe sheaves of the eccentrics ma conventonstroke, so that for example each piston iently be made with a concave or :iatgroove maybe caused-to sweep over the usual clear-- to act as aninner race of a ball or roller ance spac'cuponthe exhaust and suction bearing respectively. The big end ofthe strokes in addition to the space swept over connecting rod may also serve as the outer 75 2o uponthe compress on and working strokes, race, in which case for convenience of as-' thereby insuring complete scavenging, sembling, the race may be flat or semi flat. greater suction, a full charge of combusti- In order that the invention may be the bio mixture undilu'tedwith hot products of better understood, I will now proceed to combustion, and has for its object the ardescribe the same in relation to the accom- ,so

rangement of the various moving parts panying drawings reference beinghad towhereby a perfect balance of the moving the letters and figures marked thereon, like parts about the axes of motion of the engine letters referring to like parts inthe various as a whole and its parts is insured. figuresfin which I To carry the invention into effect the Figure l is a part sectional view ote 7 s5 requisite additional relative movements of cylinder engine constructed in accordance istons and cylinders are effected by causwith my invention, but it is obvious that'the ing the centers of the big ends of the.conshaft may also revolve in the opposite direc-,- necting rods to traverse a' circular path tion to the cylinders; Fig.2 1s a sectional around the crank pin, by means of an eccene of the eccentr c el ment a embl d n 90 trio bush mounted thereon, substantially in a common bush ready for mounting on the the manner which has been proposed for crank ping-Fig. 3 is'an end view of the first stationary cylinder engines. This relative element and bush flange; Figs. 4 and'5 are movement between pistons and cylinders is diagrammatic views of a 7 cylinder engine, got by connecting the big ends of the con- Showing the relation of pistons, connecting 95 -10'necting rods to, or forming them in the rods and cylinders at two (phases of revolushape of, eccentric straps engaging either tion of the engine separate by one complete directly, or through interposed ball or roller revolution of the crank or engine, showing bearings, with eccentric sheaves or bushes. among'other features the static and dynamic arranged to revolve on the crank pin at half balance of all moving parts in spit'e'of the 100 th speed f the engine by means of 1 to'2 diflerentialstroke conditions; Fig. 6 1s a gearing. The eccentrics are set so'as to give 7 side view of one of the connecting-rods, asthe requisite variations in the piston strokes. sembled on its sheave with rollers or" balls at the desired periods, themaximumi iil'rg interposed; and Fig. 7 is-a part sectional entiation being usually but notnecessarily view of an engine provided with a double 10'5 'between the end of the exhaust and begincrank shaft having the operating gear for ning of the suction strokes and the end of the sheaves on one crank pin so arrangedas the com rcssion and beginning of the workl totransmit motion to the sheaves on the I in stro es respectively. 1 p I other crank pin.

e several eccentric sheaves are arranged As is usual in this type of engine, the cas- -1 10 to befixed in proper relation to one another, ing a' carrying thecylinders b is mounted on a bush, and thewhole is clampedtogethera h ll hearings b and is adapted'to revolve I fact that r The gear alu at t e axis of a stationary crank shaft c. Upon die crank pin 03 are mounted seven eccentric sheaves e assembled and fixed on a common bush f. The sheaves are. made all alike and are provided with three holes each P Q ranged in a circle and pitched at 4;?

where ai -number of cylinders, by means of which they are assembled and fixed together on the bush 7 in proper phase with one another.

The order of assembly 0t the sheaves on the bush corresponds with the order of firing of the cylinders with which they are associated and riot with the geometric succession of the cylinders. This is indicated in Fig. 2 wherein the num' erals on the sheaves indicate the geometric order of the cylinders and the order of these, humerals represent the order of firing of" the cylipders. The

the centers of the sheaves are apart and the cylinders taken pitched in order of firing conforms with required ratio of the speeds of revolution of the cylinders and eccentrics, and as will be evident from inspection of Figs. 5 and 6 this arrangement also insures an even torque perfect balance of the moving parts at all phases of revolution in spite of the differential movement of each individual piston. Steady or driving pins j are driven through the holes; each pin with the exception of the end pins being common to three sheaves see Figs. 2, 3 and 6. The seven sheaves together with the gear wheel Z: are finally locked on the bush by the tightening nut h. \Vith the gear wheel ll: gears the pinion Z carried by the shaft in. supported by bearing m and attached at the opposite end to the crank case u or its extension at 0 preferably by means of a series of keys formed integrally therewith and secured in place by the nut o and distance bush 0". ratio of the wheel 1.: and pinion l being 1 to 2 the sheaves c and therefore the centers of the big ends of the connecting rods receive a continuous motion in a circular path around the axis of the crank pin r1 at half the speed of the engine, as indicatcd diagr:umnatically in Figs. 4 aml 5.

Referring to Figs. 4 and 5 the circle '1' represents the path of the center of each big end of the connecting rod 71 about the axis of the crank pin cl. The firing orderot' l, 3. 5, 7, 2, l, 6, is adopted, and the relative positions of the connecting rods 7/ and pistons 71' for this order of tiring are shown in the Figs. 4 and 5 as well as the inllucncc of the differential stroke on the position of the pistons in the cylinders and the instantancous position of the centers of the big circle 2".

ends of the connecting rods on the path ta Fig. 4 the cylinder 7 and its piston are seen in the position of minimum clearance at the end of the exhaust stroke In Fig. 5 the same cylinder and its piston are shown after the engine has made one complete revolution and it will he seenthat the piston and cylinder are in the position of maximnm clearance viz., at the end of the compression stroke. After one seventh of a revolution of the engine from the phase shownin Fig. 4, the relation of No. 1 piston and cylinder will be the same as that of N0. 7 c linder and piston in the phase shown in ig. 5, while the relation of piston and cyl'nder 2, after two sevenths of a rev ol'ution item the phase shown in Fig. 4: will be the same as that of No. 7 cylinder and piston in that figure, and so on. This is clearly indicated on Figs. 4 and by the lines I, II, III, IV, dividing the circle r into 4 quadrants C, W, E, S, representing respectively the comprcssion, working, exhaust and suction strokes. The location of the center of any given connecting rod in any quadrant directly indicates the phase of its piston and cylinder.

The axis of each cylinder 7) is preferably disposed relative to the casing a so asto coincidewith the center line of the corre sponding sheave e and the big end of the connecting rod 7) is arranged to surround the sheave preferably with interposed rollers or balls I p In Fig. (3 the connecting rod strap of big end nsupports a ball or roller race a in which balls or rollers a are disposed so as to engage in the flanged race-a on the sheave c. which is the reverse arrangement to that shown in Fig. S2 in which the flanged race is on the strap or big end portion of the connecting rod.

In case it is desirable to have two or more sets of cylinders operating on a corresponding number of cranks, I may transmit the motion from the bush f Fig. 7, carrying one shcavc or set of sheaves to the bush f by means ol a wheel k similar to /.1 gearing with wheels I 1 similar to l lixed on a common shal't t and transmitting the required motion to bush 7' by means of gear wheel gearing with If. It is obvious that this arrangement can be continued for any greater. number of cranks than two.

Having thus fully described my invention,

claim as new and desire to secure by Letters latcnt:-

l. A multicylindcr four stroke internal combustion engine ol the revolving cylinder type having in combination a rotatable crank case, an uneven number ol cylinders alternatcly fircd attached to said crank case, a plurality of pistons for said cylinders, a plurality of connecting rods for said pistons, a plurality of eccentric shcavcs for said connecting rods. the said eccentric sheaves being synnnctricall y arranged in order that in conion lln

junction with alternate firing of the cyliiitionary crank shaft, a crank pin thereon,

' said plurality of adapted to carry said plurality of symmetrically arranged eccentric sheaves in a rotatable manner, a gearv wheel attached to symmetrically arranged eccentric sheaves and mounted rotatably on said crank pin, a gear wheel attached to said rotatable crank case and meshing with the gear wheel on said crank pin, whereby a difierential stroke movement is alternately added to and subtracted from the usual relative movements of cylinders.

' ner, gearing 2. A multicylinder lfour stroke internal combustion engine of the revolving cylinder type having in combination a rotatable crank case, a plurality of cylinders attached thereto and arranged in series, each series having an uneven number of alternately fired cylinders therein, a plurality of pistons for said cylinders, a plurality of connecting rods for said pistons, a plurality of eccentric sheaves for said connecting rods, arranged in series numerically similar to the series of cylinders, the said eccentric sheaves in each series being symmetrically arranged in order that in conjunction with alternate firing of the cylinders correlated thereto a static and dynamic balance of the moving arts and forces is obtained, a stationary crank shaft, crank pins thereon adapted to carry said plurality of symmetrically arranged eccentric sheaves in a rotatable manattached to each series of eccentric sheaves and rotatably mounted on one of said crank pins, a gear wheel attached to said rotatable. crank case and meshing with the gearing on one of said crank pins and gearing arranged between each series of eccentric sheaves'to transmit the motion from one series ,to the next, whereby a differential stroke movement is alternately added to and subtracted from the usual relative movements of 3. A multicylinder combustion engine of type having in combination, a rotatable crank case, an uneven number of cylinders alternately fired attached to said crank case,

a plurality. of pistons for said cylinders,

a plurality-of connecting rods for said pis' tons, a plurality of eccentric sheaves for whereby a differential the pistons and the pistons and cylinders.

four stroke internal the revolving cylinder to said rotatable -crank case and meshing with the gear wheel on said crank pin, stroke movement is alternately added to and subtracted fnom the usual relative movements of the pistons and cylinders.

4. A multicylinder' four stroke internal combustion engine of the revolving cylinder v type having in combination a rotatable crank case, a plurality of cylinders attached thereto and arranged in series each series having an uneven number of alternately fired cylinders therein, a plurality of pistons for said cylinders, a plurality of connecting rods for said pistons, a plurality of eccentric sheaves for said connecting rods arranged in series numerically similar to the series of cylinders, the said eccentric sheaves in each series being symmetrically arranged in order that in conpmction wlth alternate firing of the cylinders correlated thereto a static and dynamic balance of the moving parts and forces is obtained, a stationary crank shaft, crank pins thereon, sleeves rotatably mountedon said crankpins, gearing attached to each sleeve on which are mounted a series of eccentric, sheaves, a gear wheel attached to said rotatable crank case and meshing withthe gearing on one of said crank pins and gearing arranged between each series of eccentric sheaves to transmit the motion from one series to the next, whereby a differential stroke movement is alternately added to and subtracted from the usual relative movements of the pistons and cylinders.

In testimony whereof I have signed myname to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

Doms Hrroncocu, WALTER CARVER. 

